The European bison is a member of the family Oxidae in the order Artiodactyla. The body length is 220-300 centimeters, the tail length is 40-60 centimeters, and the weight is 450-1000 kilograms. Both female and male animals have horns, which are slender and elongated. The horns first turn inward, then turn upward, and then bend forward. The tips of the horns then bend inward. Female animals have shorter and thinner horns. Small head, exposed snout, small eyes, and short ears. The neck is relatively short, with obvious hanging hair from the lower cheeks to the chest. European bison breed offspring in spring, and typically cows can produce a calf weighing over 20 kilograms. The lifespan of European bison is quite long, about 40 years in suitable environments.