Skull of the Red tailed Owl
The red tailed hawk is a bird of the family Falconidae in the order Falconiformes. Its body is robust, with wide and round wings, and a red and broad tail. The red tailed pheasant is one of the largest members of birds, with a body length of 45-56 centimeters and a weight of 690-1300 grams. The red tailed pheasant has a very obvious male female dimorphism in terms of body size, with females being 25% larger than males. The upper beak of the red tailed pheasant has an arc-shaped protrusion at the edge, which is suitable for tearing prey and swallowing; The base has wax film or whisker like feathers; Strong wings, wide, round and dull wings, fan-shaped and soaring flight, fan-shaped rhythm slower than falcons; The tarsal region is relatively long, approximately equal to the length of the tibia. The iris of young birds is light yellow, and as adults, the color gradually darkens to bird reddish brown.
Porcupine skull
Porcupines are mammals of the family Porcupidae in the order Rodentia, belonging to the genus Porcupines. Extremely large in size. Eyes and ears are very small; The skull is thick and robust, the occipital spine is well-developed, and the nasal bone is long and wide, longer than half the length of the skull; A cavity with expansion and inflation; The nasal snout is concave and the nasal cavity is large; My whole body is covered in thorns, and the spines on my buttocks are particularly long. My tail is hidden inside the spines. The base of the spines on the forehead and front back is light brown in color, while the upper part is white; The body is dark brown with a white stripe on the neck. Porcupines mostly inhabit mountainous environments, making large-scale prevention and control difficult. They are often captured using physical equipment. Due to the increasing depletion and extinction of wild porcupines, the Chinese forestry department has listed them as a protected species and banned hunting.
Musk rat skull
Muskrat, belonging to the rodent order Cricetidae, genus Muskrat, also known as muskrat. The muskrat has a body shape similar to a large mouse, with dense fur around its body, a brown black or chestnut yellow back, and a brown gray belly. The tail is brownish black in length, slightly flattened, with scaly skin on top and sparse brownish black mixed hair. Because it lives in water and is good at swimming, it is known as a water mouse or water rat.
Yellow throated mink skull
The yellow throated ferret is a terrestrial carnivorous animal in the family Italidae of the order Carnivora, also known as the green ferret, the snub nosed dog, or the yellow weasel. Small and lightweight body length; Kiss tip, big ears; Short limbs; Well-developed claws; Tail cylindrical shape; In winter, the fur coat is brightly colored, with a black brown color from the tip to the neck and back, a white chin that extends backward to the ears, and a white or light yellow throat; The back of the body is orange yellow or yellow brown; Gradually transitioning to black brown in the middle of the body, and orange yellow or yellow brown in the chest; Abdominal pale yellow brown or light yellow white; The head, hind limbs, and tail are black brown in color.
Seagull skull
Seagulls are a group of seabirds belonging to the gull family in the order Characiformes. Seagull head and neck are white, back and shoulders are slate gray; The waist, tail feathers, and tail feathers are all pure white. The base is gray white or forms larger gray spots on the inner lining. The lower body is pure white. Humans believe that the call of seagulls sounds like "Europe, Europe", and "gull" is a onomatopoeic word that imitates this bird's call, hence the name. Seagulls are mainly distributed in northeastern, southern, and southwestern China, as well as in Europe, the Mediterranean coast, the Black Sea, Caspian Sea, western North America, including Alaska and the eastern Pacific coast, and even near the Tropic of Cancer.
Dog skull
Dogs are carnivorous mammals in the family Canidae, also known as dogs, and are referred to as the "six livestock" along with horses, cows, sheep, pigs, and chickens. The size and fur color of dogs vary depending on their breed, and their physique is well proportioned; The nose and snout are relatively long; The eyes are oval in shape; Two ears, either vertical or vertical; Limbs agile, with 5 toes in the forelimbs and 4 toes in the hindlimbs, with claws that cannot stretch or retract; The tail is circular or sickle shaped. According to Li Shizhen's "Compendium of Materia Medica", "Dog" means to knock. Dogs bark rhythmically, like knocking on objects, and some people say it is called a dog because of its roughness.
Spotted head wagtail skull
The spotted headed wagtail is an animal belonging to the family Scombridae in the order Scombriformes. The body length of the spotted headed wagtail is about 24 centimeters, belonging to the earless feather tribe. Its body color is brown with light horizontal stripes; The chin is white with one white diagonal line on the shoulder, and the abdomen is white with brown vertical lines; Yellow brown iris; Yellow green mouth, yellow end; The feet are yellow green, and the soles are covered in feathers. The spotted wagtail is distributed in northeastern India and various Southeast Asian countries, while it is found in southern, central, southwestern, and southeastern China. It inhabits forested and agricultural areas in mountainous, hilly, and plain regions. The spotted headed wagtail is nocturnal and usually moves alone or in pairs. It is more active during the day, particularly in the early morning and evening, and can also hunt at night.
Nile crocodile skull
Nile crocodile is a large crocodile belonging to the family Crocodylidae in the order Crocodiles. Nile crocodiles have a large body size, ranging from olive green to coffee colored, with black spots and a mesh pattern; The fourth tooth of the lower jaw protrudes outward from the depression of the upper jaw; There are 5 anterior teeth, 13-14 maxillary teeth, and 14-5 mandibular teeth, for a total of 64-68 teeth; The tail is strong and powerful. The adult Nile crocodile weighs up to one ton. The juvenile Nile crocodile is dark yellow brown in color, with obvious horizontal stripes on its body and tail. As an adult, the color of the horizontal stripes becomes lighter.
3D scanning specimen model of chameleon
National protected animal pangolin specimens
The specimen of Tyrannosaurus rex fossil at the Vienna Museum of Natural History
Tyrannosaurus belongs to the Tyrannosaurus genus of the Tyrannosauridae superfamily and is the only species in this genus. It was named in 1905 by American paleontologist and member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, Henry Osborne. If we refer to the translation format of other dinosaur species, it would be more appropriate to translate its species name as' King Tyrannosaurus'. Adult Tyrannosaurus rex is about 12 meters long and weighs around 7 tons, making it one of the largest land predators in Earth's history. This specimen fossil is currently preserved at the Vienna Museum of Natural History.
Black tailed groundhog skull specimen, University of Wyoming Library
The black tailed groundhog is a reptile in the family Muridae, belonging to the order Rodentia. The body length is about 30-40 centimeters, the shoulder height is over 10 centimeters, the body is long and fat, and the head is short and wide; The neck is thick and short, and the ears are short and small. The body hair is mainly gray brown; The abdomen is grayish yellow in color; The tail end is black. Life expectancy is 8 years. The black tailed groundhog is distributed in the grasslands of central North America, extending northward to southern Canada; Mainly living on the edge of the Sonora Desert. Social animals that do not hibernate, are active during the day, are good at digging caves, and feed on herbaceous plants. When most of the group is foraging on the grassland, there is always one standing guard near the cave.
Spotted hyena skull specimen, University of Wyoming Library
The spotted hyena was first officially described by German naturalist Johann Christian Polikap Erxler in 1777. The ancient Greek root of the scientific name of the spotted hyena was used by Pliny the Elder to describe an unknown animal in Ethiopia, possibly the hyena. In literature, it means' object in the color of saffron '. Although spotted hyenas have some similarities to the canidae family, they are more closely related to the civet family. Spotted hyenas belong to the cat suborder, so they are closer to the feline family than to the canine family. The spotted hyena is currently the largest member of the hyena family. It is believed that the ancestor of the spotted hyena branched out from the striped hyena during the Pliocene period (5.33-18 million years ago).
Ghost baboon skull specimen
The Japanese macaque is a short tailed monkey that can grow up to 70 centimeters (28 inches) in length. It has a similar appearance to the Japanese macaque, but lacks the bright blue and red colors on its face. It has a high gender dimorphism in weight, with males weighing up to 20 kilograms (44 pounds) and females weighing up to 12.5 kilograms (28 pounds). The overall color is dark gray brown. Mature male has a pink lower lip, a white chin, a dark gray to black face, and a raised groove on the nose. The buttocks are pink, light purple, and blue. Female macaques do not have a pink chin.
Lion Skull Specimen from Auckland Museum
Fossil specimens of Southern Ape skulls from the Oxford Museum of Natural History
Southern apes, some researchers refer to as hominids, lived on the newly formed African savannah 1.5 million years ago. The skull features of this species are related to a diet primarily based on hard fruits, bark, and some roots. We can notice that it has a thick and protruding zygomatic arch, with a very large muscle passing through it and ending at the sagittal crest located in the upper part of the skull. Its dental arch is very sturdy and can be seen in very wide and pointed molars.
Fossil specimen of saber toothed tiger skeleton at Vienna Natural History Museum
The saber toothed tiger is a carnivorous mammal belonging to the genus saber toothed tiger in the order Felidae. The saber toothed tiger was once widely distributed on the continents of Asia, Europe, and America. It appeared in the Oligocene 35 million years ago and became extinct in the Pleistocene one million years ago. Their living period was during the Quaternary glacial period, when herbivores were slow-moving and easily hunted. But the ice age has ended, and cold resistant large herbivores cannot adapt to climate change and migrate northward, dying due to insufficient food. The saber toothed tiger lost its food source, did not have an advantage in hunting, and even became a prey for humans. In the end, it could only go extinct with the extinction of large thick skinned animals.
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