Jade of the Zhou Dynasty, 1100-771 BC
Jade is a kind of ancient Chinese jade, usually round, with a round hole in the middle. The history of the jade can be traced back to the Neolithic period, especially the Liangzhu culture (3400-2250 BC). In the later Shang, Zhou and Han dynasties, the craftsmanship and decoration of jade became more complex and exquisite.
Zhou Dynasty Three legged Cauldron
This cultural relic is a three legged tripod, a bronze vessel, and its ceramic prototype can be traced back to the Peiligang culture of the Neolithic Age. In the early Shang Dynasty (1600-1300 BC), bronze versions of the flat footed tripod began to be cast. Ding is an ancient Chinese cooking or storage vessel, usually with two handles located at the edges, supported by three or four cylindrical legs. The shape of the tripod was almost ubiquitous in early China, including ceramic vessels from the Neolithic period and bronze vessels from the Shang Dynasty, as well as many later imitations of bronze and glazed pottery. This artifact is housed in the Minneapolis Museum of Art.
Western Zhou tripod
This relic is a tripod, a bronze vessel, and its ceramic prototype can be traced back to the Neolithic Peiligang culture. In the early Shang Dynasty (1600-1300 BC), bronze versions of the Pingzu Ding were cast. Ding is an ancient Chinese cooking or storage vessel, usually with two handles at the edge, supported by three or four columnar legs. The shape of the tripod is almost ubiquitous in China's early eras, including Neolithic ceramic vessels and Shang dynasty bronze vessels, as well as many later bronze and glazed pottery imitations. This artifact is in the collection of the Minneapolis Museum of Art.
Bronze ware from the Zhou Dynasty, "Zhou Dynasty Food Utensils - Tripod"
The tripod is regarded as a symbol of national importance, power, and prestige. The character "tripod" is also endowed with extended meanings such as "distinguished", "noble", and "grand", such as "one word nine tripods", "famous name", "peak period", "strong assistance", and so on. It is also a ceremonial vessel for recording achievements. During major celebrations or receiving rewards, the rulers or nobles of the Zhou Dynasty would cast cauldrons to record the grand occasion. This kind of etiquette still has a certain influence today.
The Bronze Statue of Zhou Dynasty's Respectful Posture
This small and delicate figure stood with outstretched arms in a respectful posture. His curled fingers formed a socket that could grip the handle of the oil lamp. The character is wearing a long waistcoat with a regular waistband fixed by a belt hook around their waist. Throughout the entire Shang and Western Zhou dynasties (1600-771 BC), bronze figures were rare, but now several bronze figures have been unearthed from tombs of the Warring States period in the late Zhou dynasty as lamp posts. The strong sculptural quality of this character foreshadows the naturalism encountered in the subsequent Qin (221-206 BC) and Western Han (206-25 BC) eras.
The Double Phoenix Jade Pendant from the Zhou Dynasty
This jade pendant is from Tomb 60 of Liuli Ri in Hui County, Henan Province, and was buried together with the deceased. This light green jade piece is in the shape of two phoenixes, with a circular overall shape. The hollow carving imitates the shape and decoration of the work. The two sides of the pendant rotate upwards to form the head of a phoenix, while their circular bodies are connected to each other. A carved line surrounds the edge of the decoration, outlining the shape of a phoenix, while the entire piece is filled with curled cloud patterns. The pattern on the back of the pendant does not match its shape, indicating that the pendant was remade from an old piece of jade and is now housed in the National Museum of China.
Bronze vessels from the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, such as the Bronze Shengding
This Chinese cultural relic is a bronze vessel called "Shengding", which was cast around 575 BC. Shengding "refers to a type of tripod with a flat bottom and a prominent waist. The word 'sheng' refers to the offerings provided within it. There are six Kui dragons climbing towards the lid in high relief around the body of the Ding. The surface is decorated with interwoven dragons, engraved with scale patterns, and overlapping feather like patterns. Although most of the decorations are made using traditional block casting bronze techniques, the six dragons, with their complex, perforated shapes, were individually crafted using the lost wax method. This cauldron is currently housed in the Minneapolis Museum of Art in the United States.
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